Visnagin alleviates rheumatoid arthritis via its potential inhibitory impact on malate dehydrogenase enzyme: in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies

Table 5 Effect of VIS and/ or MTX alone and in combination on paw volume (mm)

Groups/Days	Day (0)	Day (7)	Day (21)
Normal control	0.114 ± 0.002	0.1165^c ± 0.002	0.121^f ± 0.002
VIS control	0.117 ± 0.002	0.119^c ± 0.002	0.1225^f ± 0.003
RA control	0.116 ± 0.001	0.978^ab ± 0.005	0.97^a ± 0.026
MTX treatment	0.116 ± 0.002	0.971^ab ± 0.007	0.3195^c ± 0.007
VIS prophylactic treatment	0.119 ± 0.002	0.978^ab ± 0.006	0.270^d ± 0.006
VIS post-treatment	0.117 ± 0.002	0.9815^a ± 0.005	0.386^b ± 0.015
VIS + MTX Combination treatment	0.116 ± 0.002	0.965^b ± 0.006	0.185^e ± 0.009

Data are expressed as the mean ± SE, (n = 10). The means with different superscript letters are significantly different when (p < 0.05)

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